#️⃣ #2354 – 凉 (liáng = cool / kühl)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Wetter/Zustand)
🔡 Pinyin
Xiàwǔ de fēng hěn 凉, ràng rén juéde hěn shūfú.
🟪 ⏱ xiàwǔ (Time Noun – afternoon)
🌸 de (Structural Particle – possessive/attributive)
🟦🟦 💲 fēng (Concrete Noun – wind)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 liáng (Quality Adjective – cool)
🟥🟥 🏃 ràng (Main Verb – to make, let)
🟦🟦 👥 rén (Collective Noun – people)
🟥🟥 🏃 juéde (Main Verb – to feel)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 shūfú (Quality Adjective – comfortable)
🈷 Hanzi
下午的风很凉,让人觉得很舒服。
🟪 ⏱ 下午 (xiàwǔ – „Nachmittag“)
🌸 的 (de – Strukturpartikel)
🟦🟦 💲 风 (fēng – „Wind“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 凉 (liáng – „kühl“)
🟥🟥 让 (ràng – „lassen, bewirken“)
🟦🟦 👥 人 (rén – „Menschen“)
🟥🟥 觉得 (juéde – „fühlen, empfinden“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 舒服 (shūfú – „bequem, angenehm“)
🅴 English
The afternoon breeze is cool and makes people feel comfortable.
Lit.: Afternoon’s wind very cool, make people feel very comfortable.
🟪 afternoon (xiàwǔ – Time noun)
🟦🟦 wind (fēng – Concrete noun)
🟩🟩 cool (liáng – Adjective)
🟥🟥 make (ràng – Verb)
🟦🟦 people (rén – Collective noun)
🟥🟥 feel (juéde – Verb)
🟩🟩 comfortable (shūfú – Adjective)
🅳 Deutsch
Der Nachmittagswind ist kühl und macht die Menschen angenehm.
Wörtlich: Nachmittag sein Wind sehr kühl, lassen Menschen fühlen sehr angenehm.
🟪 Nachmittag (xiàwǔ – Zeitnomen)
🟦🟦 Wind (fēng – konkretes Nomen)
🟩🟩 kühl (liáng – Adjektiv)
🟥🟥 lassen (ràng – Verb)
🟦🟦 Menschen (rén – Kollektivnomen)
🟥🟥 fühlen (juéde – Verb)
🟩🟩 angenehm (shūfú – Adjektiv)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 凉 = “cool,” often for weather, breeze, or temperature of food. 凉快 (liángkuai = pleasantly cool).
-
DE: 凉 = „kühl, frisch.“ Typisch: 凉水 („kaltes Wasser“), 凉快 („angenehm kühl“).
-
Pattern: X 的 Noun + 很凉 = “[X’s noun] is cool.”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
🟪 ⏱ |
下午 |
xiàwǔ |
Noun |
Time Noun (afternoon) |
1.4 |
🌸 |
的 |
de |
Particle |
Structural Particle (possessive) |
8.2 |
🟦🟦 💲 |
风 |
fēng |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (wind) |
1.1 |
🟪 💯 |
很 |
hěn |
Adverb |
Degree Adverb (very) |
6.3 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
凉 |
liáng |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (cool) |
3.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
让 |
ràng |
Verb |
Main Verb (to make, let) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 👥 |
人 |
rén |
Noun |
Collective Noun (people) |
1.6 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
觉得 |
juéde |
Verb |
Main Verb (to feel) |
2.1 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
舒服 |
shūfú |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (comfortable) |
3.1 |
#️⃣ #2355 – 凉快 (liángkuai = pleasantly cool / angenehm kühl, frisch)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Wetter/Empfinden)
🔡 Pinyin
Xiàtiān wàimiàn hěn rè, dàn zhège fángjiān hěn 凉快.
🟪 ⏱ xiàtiān (Time Noun – summer)
🟦🟦 📦 wàimiàn (Place Noun – outside)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 rè (Quality Adjective – hot)
🟨 ➕ dàn (Conjunction – but)
⬛ 👉 zhège fángjiān (Demonstrative Pronoun + Concrete Noun – this room)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 liángkuai (Quality Adjective – pleasantly cool)
🈷 Hanzi
夏天外面很热,但这个房间很凉快。
🟪 ⏱ 夏天 (xiàtiān – „Sommer“)
🟦🟦 📦 外面 (wàimiàn – „außen, draußen“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 热 (rè – „heiß“)
🟨 ➕ 但 (dàn – „aber“)
⬛ 👉 这个房间 (zhège fángjiān – „dieses Zimmer“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 凉快 (liángkuai – „angenehm kühl“)
🅴 English
In summer it is very hot outside, but this room is pleasantly cool.
Lit.: Summer outside very hot, but this room very pleasantly cool.
🟪 summer (xiàtiān – Time noun)
🟦🟦 outside (wàimiàn – Place noun)
🟩🟩 hot (rè – Adjective)
🟨 but (dàn – Conjunction)
⬛ 👉 this room (zhège fángjiān – Pronoun + Noun)
🟩🟩 pleasantly cool (liángkuai – Adjective)
🅳 Deutsch
Im Sommer ist es draußen sehr heiß, aber dieses Zimmer ist angenehm kühl.
Wörtlich: Sommer draußen sehr heiß, aber dieses Zimmer sehr angenehm kühl.
🟪 Sommer (xiàtiān – Zeitnomen)
🟦🟦 draußen (wàimiàn – Ortsnomen)
🟩🟩 heiß (rè – Adjektiv)
🟨 aber (dàn – Konjunktion)
⬛ 👉 dieses Zimmer (zhège fángjiān – Demonstrativpronomen + konkretes Nomen)
🟩🟩 angenehm kühl (liángkuai – Adjektiv)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 凉快 = “pleasantly cool,” used for weather/temperature, esp. summer.
-
DE: 凉快 = „angenehm kühl, frisch.“ Typisch im Gegensatz zu 热 („heiß“).
-
Pattern: Place/Time + 很热, 但 + Place + 很凉快.
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
🟪 ⏱ |
夏天 |
xiàtiān |
Noun |
Time Noun (summer) |
1.4 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
外面 |
wàimiàn |
Noun |
Place Noun (outside) |
1.3 |
🟪 💯 |
很 |
hěn |
Adverb |
Degree Adverb (very) |
6.3 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
热 |
rè |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (hot) |
3.1 |
🟨 ➕ |
但 |
dàn |
Conjunction |
Coordinating Conjunction (but) |
9.1 |
⬛ 👉 |
这个房间 |
zhège fángjiān |
Pronoun + Noun |
Demonstrative Pronoun + Concrete Noun (this room) |
5.4 + 1.1 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
凉快 |
liángkuai |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (pleasantly cool) |
3.1 |
#️⃣ #2356 – 辆 (liàng = measure word for vehicles / ZEW für Fahrzeuge)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Mengenangabe/Zahlwort)
🔡 Pinyin
Wǒ jiā yǒu sān 辆 chē.
⬛ 👤 wǒ (Pronoun – I)
🟦🟦 🏠 jiā (Concrete Noun – family, home)
🟥🟥 🏃 yǒu (Main Verb – to have)
🔢 sān (Numeral – three)
🟦🟦 💲 liàng (Measure Noun – MW for vehicles)
🟦🟦 📦 chē (Concrete Noun – car, vehicle)
🈷 Hanzi
我家有三辆车。
⬛ 👤 我 (wǒ – „ich“)
🟦🟦 🏠 家 (jiā – „Familie, Haushalt“)
🟥🟥 有 (yǒu – „haben“)
🔢 三 (sān – „drei“)
🟦🟦 💲 辆 (liàng – ZEW für Fahrzeuge)
🟦🟦 📦 车 (chē – „Auto, Fahrzeug“)
🅴 English
My family has three cars.
Lit.: I family have three MW vehicles car.
⬛ 👤 I (wǒ – Pronoun)
🟦🟦 family (jiā – Concrete noun)
🟥🟥 have (yǒu – Verb)
🔢 three (sān – Numeral)
🟦🟦 MW vehicles (liàng – Measure word)
🟦🟦 car (chē – Noun)
🅳 Deutsch
Meine Familie hat drei Autos.
Wörtlich: Ich Familie haben drei ZEW Fahrzeuge Auto.
⬛ 👤 ich (wǒ – Pronomen)
🟦🟦 Familie (jiā – konkretes Nomen)
🟥🟥 haben (yǒu – Verb)
🔢 drei (sān – Zahlwort)
🟦🟦 ZEW Fahrzeuge (liàng – Zähleinheitswort)
🟦🟦 Auto (chē – konkretes Nomen)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 辆 is a measure word (classifier), used for vehicles: 一辆车 (one car), 两辆公共汽车 (two buses).
-
DE: 辆 = ZEW für Fahrzeuge, z. B. 一辆车 („ein Auto“), 三辆出租车 („drei Taxis“).
-
Pattern: Number + 辆 + Vehicle.
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👤 |
我 |
wǒ |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun (I) |
5.1 |
🟦🟦 🏠 |
家 |
jiā |
Noun |
Place/Concrete Noun (family, home) |
1.3 / 1.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
有 |
yǒu |
Verb |
Main Verb (to have) |
2.1 |
🔢 |
三 |
sān |
Numeral |
Cardinal Number (three) |
4.3 |
🟦🟦 💲 |
辆 |
liàng |
Measure Noun |
Measure word (for vehicles) |
1.7 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
车 |
chē |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (car, vehicle) |
1.1 |
#️⃣ #2357 – 亮 (liàng = bright / hell, leuchtend)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Zustand/Licht)
🔡 Pinyin
Zhège fángjiān de dēng hěn 亮, kàn shū hěn fāngbiàn.
⬛ 👉 zhège fángjiān (Demonstrative Pronoun + Concrete Noun – this room)
🌸 de (Structural Particle – possessive)
🟦🟦 📦 dēng (Concrete Noun – lamp, light)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 liàng (Quality Adjective – bright)
🟥🟥 🏃 kàn (Main Verb – to read/look)
🟦🟦 📦 shū (Concrete Noun – book)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟩🟩 🌟 fāngbiàn (Quality Adjective – convenient)
🈷 Hanzi
这个房间的灯很亮,看书很方便。
⬛ 👉 这个房间 (zhège fángjiān – „dieses Zimmer“)
🌸 的 (de – Strukturpartikel)
🟦🟦 📦 灯 (dēng – „Lampe, Licht“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 亮 (liàng – „hell“)
🟥🟥 看 (kàn – „lesen, schauen“)
🟦🟦 📦 书 (shū – „Buch“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟩🟩 🌟 方便 (fāngbiàn – „praktisch, bequem“)
🅴 English
The lamp in this room is very bright, and it’s convenient for reading.
Lit.: This room’s lamp very bright, read book very convenient.
⬛ 👉 this room (zhège fángjiān – Pronoun + Noun)
🟦🟦 lamp (dēng – Concrete noun)
🟩🟩 bright (liàng – Adjective)
🟥🟥 read (kàn – Verb)
🟦🟦 book (shū – Concrete noun)
🟩🟩 convenient (fāngbiàn – Adjective)
🅳 Deutsch
Die Lampe in diesem Zimmer ist sehr hell, und zum Lesen ist es sehr praktisch.
Wörtlich: Dieses Zimmer sein Lampe sehr hell, lesen Buch sehr praktisch.
⬛ 👉 dieses Zimmer (zhège fángjiān – Demonstrativpronomen + Nomen)
🟦🟦 Lampe (dēng – konkretes Nomen)
🟩🟩 hell (liàng – Adjektiv)
🟥🟥 lesen (kàn – Verb)
🟦🟦 Buch (shū – konkretes Nomen)
🟩🟩 praktisch (fāngbiàn – Adjektiv)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 亮 = “bright, to shine.” Used for lights, objects, stars. Also verb: 灯亮了 (the light turned on).
-
DE: 亮 = „hell, leuchtend, erhellen.“ Typisch: 月亮 („Mond“), 灯亮 („Lampe leuchtet“).
-
Pattern: X 的 灯 + 很亮 = “[X’s lamp] is bright.”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👉 |
这个房间 |
zhège fángjiān |
Pronoun + Noun |
Demonstrative Pronoun + Concrete Noun (this room) |
5.4 + 1.1 |
🌸 |
的 |
de |
Particle |
Structural Particle (possessive) |
8.2 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
灯 |
dēng |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (lamp, light) |
1.1 |
🟪 💯 |
很 |
hěn |
Adverb |
Degree Adverb (very) |
6.3 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
亮 |
liàng |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (bright) |
3.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
看 |
kàn |
Verb |
Main Verb (to read/look) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
书 |
shū |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (book) |
1.1 |
🟩🟩 🌟 |
方便 |
fāngbiàn |
Adjective |
Quality Adjective (convenient) |
3.1 |
#️⃣ #2358 – 辆车 (liàng chē = car, vehicle [with classifier] / Auto, Fahrzeug [mit ZEW])
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Fahrzeuge/Zählen)
🔡 Pinyin
Tā mǎi le yī 辆车, zhǔnbèi shàngbān yòng.
⬛ 👤 tā (Pronoun – he/she)
🟥🟥 🏃 mǎi (Main Verb – to buy)
🌸 le (Aspect Particle – completed action)
🔢 yī (Numeral – one)
🟦🟦 💲 liàng (Measure Noun – MW for vehicles)
🟦🟦 📦 chē (Concrete Noun – car)
🟥🟥 🏃 zhǔnbèi (Main Verb – to prepare, plan)
🟥🟥 🏃 yòng (Main Verb – to use)
🟦🟦 🏠 shàngbān (Abstract Noun/Verb – work, go to work)
🈷 Hanzi
他买了一辆车,准备上班用。
⬛ 👤 他 (tā – „er“)
🟥🟥 买 (mǎi – „kaufen“)
🌸 了 (le – Aspektpartikel)
🔢 一 (yī – „ein“)
🟦🟦 💲 辆 (liàng – ZEW für Fahrzeuge)
🟦🟦 📦 车 (chē – „Auto, Fahrzeug“)
🟥🟥 准备 (zhǔnbèi – „vorbereiten, beabsichtigen“)
🟦🟦 🏠 上班 (shàngbān – „zur Arbeit gehen“)
🟥🟥 用 (yòng – „benutzen“)
🅴 English
He bought a car to use for going to work.
Lit.: He buy le one MW car, prepare go-to-work use.
⬛ 👤 he (tā – Pronoun)
🟥🟥 buy (mǎi – Verb)
🌸 le (aspect particle)
🔢 one (yī – Numeral)
🟦🟦 MW vehicles (liàng – Measure word)
🟦🟦 car (chē – Noun)
🟥🟥 prepare (zhǔnbèi – Verb)
🟦🟦 go to work (shàngbān – Verb/noun)
🟥🟥 use (yòng – Verb)
🅳 Deutsch
Er hat ein Auto gekauft, um es für die Arbeit zu benutzen.
Wörtlich: Er kaufen le ein ZEW Auto, vorbereiten Arbeit gehen benutzen.
⬛ 👤 er (tā – Pronomen)
🟥🟥 kaufen (mǎi – Verb)
🌸 le (Aspektpartikel)
🔢 ein (yī – Zahlwort)
🟦🟦 ZEW Fahrzeuge (liàng – Zähleinheitswort)
🟦🟦 Auto (chē – konkretes Nomen)
🟥🟥 vorbereiten (zhǔnbèi – Verb)
🟦🟦 zur Arbeit gehen (shàngbān – Verb/Nomen)
🟥🟥 benutzen (yòng – Verb)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 辆车 always needs a numeral: 一辆车 (one car), 两辆车 (two cars).
-
DE: 辆车 = „ein Auto/Fahrzeug“ (mit Zahlwort). Immer: Zahl + 辆 + 车.
-
Pattern: Subj + Verb + Numeral + 辆车 = “[Subj] bought/has X car(s).”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👤 |
他 |
tā |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun (he) |
5.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
买 |
mǎi |
Verb |
Main Verb (to buy) |
2.1 |
🌸 |
了 |
le |
Particle |
Aspect Particle (completed action) |
8.1 |
🔢 |
一 |
yī |
Numeral |
Cardinal Number (one) |
4.3 |
🟦🟦 💲 |
辆 |
liàng |
Measure Noun |
Measure Word (for vehicles) |
1.7 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
车 |
chē |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (car, vehicle) |
1.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
准备 |
zhǔnbèi |
Verb |
Main Verb (to prepare) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 🏠 |
上班 |
shàngbān |
Noun/Verb |
Abstract Noun / Verb (go to work) |
1.5 / 2.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
用 |
yòng |
Verb |
Main Verb (to use) |
2.1 |