#️⃣ #1224 – (mā = mother / Mama, Mutter)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Familie/Alltag)

🔡 Pinyin
Wǒ 妈 很 àihù wǒ, yě zhàogù quán jiā.
⬛ 👤 wǒ (Pronoun – I)
🟦🟦 👤 mā (Concrete/Person Noun – mother)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟥🟥 🏃 àihù (Main Verb – to love, to cherish, to protect)
⬛ 👤 wǒ (Pronoun – me)
🟨 ➕ yě (Conjunction – also)
🟥🟥 🏃 zhàogù (Main Verb – to take care of)
🟦🟦 👥 quán jiā (Collective Noun – the whole family)

🈷 Hanzi
我妈很爱护我,也照顾全家。
⬛ 👤 (wǒ – „ich“)
🟦🟦 👤 (mā – „Mama, Mutter“)
🟪 💯 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟥🟥 爱护 (àihù – „lieben, fürsorglich behandeln“)
⬛ 👤 (wǒ – „mich“)
🟨 ➕ (yě – „auch“)
🟥🟥 照顾 (zhàogù – „sich kümmern um“)
🟦🟦 👥 全家 (quán jiā – „die ganze Familie“)

🅴 English
My mother loves me very much and also takes care of the whole family.
Lit.: I mother very love-protect me, also take-care whole family.
⬛ 👤 I (wǒ – Pronoun)
🟦🟦 mother (mā – Noun)
🟪 very (hěn – Adverb)
🟥🟥 love (àihù – Verb)
⬛ 👤 me (wǒ – Pronoun)
🟨 also (yě – Conjunction)
🟥🟥 take care (zhàogù – Verb)
🟦🟦 whole family (quán jiā – Noun)

🅳 Deutsch
Meine Mutter liebt mich sehr und kümmert sich auch um die ganze Familie.
Wörtlich: Ich Mutter sehr lieben-schützen mich, auch kümmern ganze Familie.
⬛ 👤 ich (wǒ – Pronomen)
🟦🟦 Mutter (mā – Nomen)
🟪 sehr (hěn – Adverb)
🟥🟥 lieben/beschützen (àihù – Verb)
⬛ 👤 mich (wǒ – Pronomen)
🟨 auch (yě – Konjunktion)
🟥🟥 kümmern (zhàogù – Verb)
🟦🟦 ganze Familie (quán jiā – Kollektivnomen)

📚 Grammar (EN / DE)

  • EN: 妈 = “mom, mother.” Colloquial form, often combined: 妈妈 (māma).

  • DE: 妈 = „Mama, Mutter.“ Umgangssprachlich, oft verdoppelt: 妈妈.

  • Pattern: 我妈 + Verb + Object = “My mother [does something].”

🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)

Symbol

Hanzi

Pinyin

Wortart (DE/EN)

Sub-Wortart (DE/EN)

Nr.

⬛ 👤

Pronoun

Personal Pronoun (I, me)

5.1

🟦🟦 👤

Noun

Concrete/Person Noun (mother)

1.1

🟪 💯

hěn

Adverb

Degree Adverb (very)

6.3

🟥🟥 🏃

爱护

àihù

Verb

Main Verb (to love, to cherish)

2.1

🟨 ➕

Conjunction

Coordinating Conjunction (also)

9.1

🟥🟥 🏃

照顾

zhàogù

Verb

Main Verb (to take care of)

2.1

🟦🟦 👥

全家

quán jiā

Noun

Collective Noun (whole family)

1.6

#️⃣ #1225 – 马路 (mǎlù = road, street / Straße, Fahrbahn)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Ort/Verkehr, Futur/Plural)

🔡 Pinyin
Nǐmen jiānglái yào zài 马路 shàng jiǎo tōng’ànquán, bùnéng luàn guò mǎlù.
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you, plural)
🟪 ⏱ jiānglái (Time Adverb – in the future)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟦🟦 🌏 zài mǎlù shàng (Place Noun – on the road)
🟥🟥 🏃 jiǎo (Main Verb – to pay attention)
🟦🟦 ❤️ tōng’ànquán (Abstract Noun – traffic safety)
🟥🟥 💭 bùnéng (Modal Verb – must not, cannot)
🟥🟥 🏃 luàn guò (Main Verb – to cross recklessly)
🟦🟦 📦 mǎlù (Concrete Noun – road, street)

🈷 Hanzi
你们将来要在马路上讲交通安全,不能乱过马路。
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟪 ⏱ 将来 (jiānglái – „in Zukunft“)
🟥🟥 (yào – „werdet, müsst“)
🟦🟦 🌏 在马路上 (zài mǎlù shàng – „auf der Straße“)
🟥🟥 (jiǎo – „achten auf, sprechen über“)
🟦🟦 ❤️ 交通安全 (jiāotōng ānquán – „Verkehrssicherheit“)
🟥🟥 不能 (bùnéng – „dürft nicht“)
🟥🟥 乱过 (luàn guò – „unachtsam überqueren“)
🟦🟦 📦 马路 (mǎlù – „Straße“)

🅴 English
In the future, you (plural) must pay attention to traffic safety on the road and must not cross recklessly.
Lit.: You-plural future must at road-on speak/pay-attention traffic-safety, cannot messy-cross road.
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟪 future (jiānglái – Time adverb)
🟥🟥 must (yào – Modal verb)
🟦🟦 on the road (zài mǎlù shàng – Place noun)
🟥🟥 pay attention (jiǎo – Verb)
🟦🟦 traffic safety (jiāotōng ānquán – Noun)
🟥🟥 must not (bùnéng – Modal verb)
🟥🟥 cross recklessly (luàn guò – Verb)
🟦🟦 road (mǎlù – Noun)

🅳 Deutsch
Ihr müsst in Zukunft auf der Straße auf die Verkehrssicherheit achten und dürft die Straße nicht unachtsam überqueren.
Wörtlich: Ihr Zukunft müssen auf Straße oben sprechen/achten Verkehrssicherheit, nicht-dürfen chaotisch überqueren Straße.
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟪 in Zukunft (jiānglái – Zeitadverb)
🟥🟥 müsst/werdet (yào – Modalverb)
🟦🟦 auf der Straße (zài mǎlù shàng – Ortsnomen)
🟥🟥 achten (jiǎo – Verb)
🟦🟦 Verkehrssicherheit (jiāotōng ānquán – Abstraktnomen)
🟥🟥 dürft nicht (bùnéng – Modalverb)
🟥🟥 unachtsam überqueren (luàn guò – Verb)
🟦🟦 Straße (mǎlù – Nomen)

📚 Grammar (EN / DE)

  • EN: 马路 = “road, street,” especially main roads with cars.

  • DE: 马路 = „Straße, Fahrbahn.“ Typisch für verkehrsreiche Straßen.

  • Pattern: + 马路上 + Verb = “on the road do [verb].”

  • Modal verbs 将来 / 要 / 不能 geben Zukunfts- und Pflichtcharakter.

🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)

Symbol

Hanzi

Pinyin

Wortart (DE/EN)

Sub-Wortart (DE/EN)

Nr.

⬛ 👥

你们

nǐmen

Pronoun

Personal Pronoun plural (you)

5.1

🟪 ⏱

将来

jiānglái

Noun/Adverb

Time Adverb (future)

1.4

🟥🟥 💭

yào

Verb

Modal Verb (will, must)

2.4

🟦🟦 🌏

在马路上

zài mǎlù shàng

Noun phrase

Place Noun (on the road)

1.3

🟥🟥 🏃

jiǎng

Verb

Main Verb (to speak, to pay attention to)

2.1

🟦🟦 ❤️

交通安全

jiāotōng ānquán

Noun

Abstract Noun (traffic safety)

1.5

🟥🟥 💭

不能

bùnéng

Verb

Modal Verb (must not, cannot)

2.4

🟥🟥 🏃

乱过

luàn guò

Verb

Main Verb (to cross recklessly)

2.1

🟦🟦 📦

马路

mǎlù

Noun

Concrete Noun (road, street)

1.1

 

#️⃣ #1226 – 马上 (mǎshàng = immediately, at once / sofort, gleich, unmittelbar)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Zeit/Zukunft)

🔡 Pinyin
Wǒmen yào 马上 kāishǐ shàngkè, qǐng nǐmen kuài jìn jiàoshì.
⬛ 👥 wǒmen (Pronoun – we)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟪 ⏱ mǎshàng (Time Adverb – immediately)
🟥🟥 🏃 kāishǐ (Main Verb – to start, begin)
🟦🟦 ❤️ shàngkè (Abstract Noun/Verb phrase – to have class, lesson)
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you plural)
🟥🟥 🏃 kuài (Main Verb/Adverb – quickly)
🟥🟥 🏃 jìn (Directional Verb – to enter)
🟦🟦 🌏 jiàoshì (Place Noun – classroom)

🈷 Hanzi
我们要马上开始上课,请你们快进教室。
⬛ 👥 我们 (wǒmen – „wir“)
🟥🟥 (yào – „werden, müssen“)
🟪 ⏱ 马上 (mǎshàng – „sofort, gleich“)
🟥🟥 开始 (kāishǐ – „anfangen, beginnen“)
🟦🟦 ❤️ 上课 (shàngkè – „Unterricht haben“)
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟥🟥 (kuài – „schnell, beeilt euch“)
🟥🟥 (jìn – „hineingehen“)
🟦🟦 🌏 教室 (jiàoshì – „Klassenzimmer“)

🅴 English
We are going to start class immediately, please enter the classroom quickly.
Lit.: We will immediately start class, ask you-plural quickly enter classroom.
⬛ 👥 we (wǒmen – Pronoun)
🟥🟥 will (yào – Modal verb)
🟪 immediately (mǎshàng – Adverb)
🟥🟥 start (kāishǐ – Verb)
🟦🟦 have class (shàngkè – Noun/Verb phrase)
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟥🟥 quickly (kuài – Verb/Adverb)
🟥🟥 enter (jìn – Verb)
🟦🟦 classroom (jiàoshì – Noun)

🅳 Deutsch
Wir fangen sofort mit dem Unterricht an, bitte kommt schnell ins Klassenzimmer.
Wörtlich: Wir müssen sofort anfangen Unterricht, bitte ihr schnell hineingehen Klassenzimmer.
⬛ 👥 wir (wǒmen – Pronomen)
🟥🟥 werden/müssen (yào – Modalverb)
🟪 sofort (mǎshàng – Adverb)
🟥🟥 anfangen (kāishǐ – Verb)
🟦🟦 Unterricht haben (shàngkè – Verbphrase)
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟥🟥 schnell (kuài – Verb/Adverb)
🟥🟥 hineingehen (jìn – Verb)
🟦🟦 Klassenzimmer (jiàoshì – Nomen)

📚 Grammar (EN / DE)

  • EN: 马上 = “immediately, right away.” Can refer to both near future and urgency.

  • DE: 马上 = „sofort, gleich.“ Sehr häufig in Alltagssprache.

  • Pattern: Subj + + 马上 + Verb = “Subj will immediately [do sth.].”

🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)

Symbol

Hanzi

Pinyin

Wortart (DE/EN)

Sub-Wortart (DE/EN)

Nr.

⬛ 👥

我们

wǒmen

Pronoun

Personal Pronoun (we)

5.1

🟥🟥 💭

yào

Verb

Modal Verb (will, must)

2.4

🟪 ⏱

马上

mǎshàng

Adverb

Time Adverb (immediately)

6.1

🟥🟥 🏃

开始

kāishǐ

Verb

Main Verb (to start)

2.1

🟦🟦 ❤️

上课

shàngkè

Verb/Noun

Abstract Noun/Verb phrase (to have class)

1.5

⬛ 👥

你们

nǐmen

Pronoun

Personal Pronoun (you plural)

5.1

🟥🟥 🏃

kuài

Verb/Adverb

Main Verb/Adverb (quickly)

2.1

🟥🟥 🏃

jìn

Verb

Directional Verb (to enter)

2.6

🟦🟦 🌏

教室

jiàoshì

Noun

Place Noun (classroom)

1.3

 

#️⃣ #1227 – (mǎi = to buy / kaufen)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Alltag/Einkaufen)

🔡 Pinyin
Nǐmen míngtiān yào qù chāoshì 买 xīn xiézi.
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you plural)
🟪 ⏱ míngtiān (Time Noun – tomorrow)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟥🟥 🏃 qù (Directional Verb – to go)
🟦🟦 🌏 chāoshì (Place Noun – supermarket)
🟥🟥 🏃 mǎi (Main Verb – to buy)
🟦🟦 📦 xīn xiézi (Concrete Noun – new shoes)

🈷 Hanzi
你们明天要去超市买新鞋子。
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟪 ⏱ 明天 (míngtiān – „morgen“)
🟥🟥 (yào – „werdet, müsst“)
🟥🟥 (qù – „gehen“)
🟦🟦 🌏 超市 (chāoshì – „Supermarkt“)
🟥🟥 (mǎi – „kaufen“)
🟦🟦 📦 新鞋子 (xīn xiézi – „neue Schuhe“)

🅴 English
Tomorrow you (plural) will go to the supermarket to buy new shoes.
Lit.: You-plural tomorrow must go supermarket buy new shoes.
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟪 tomorrow (míngtiān – Time noun)
🟥🟥 will (yào – Modal verb)
🟥🟥 go (qù – Verb)
🟦🟦 supermarket (chāoshì – Noun)
🟥🟥 buy (mǎi – Verb)
🟦🟦 new shoes (xīn xiézi – Noun)

🅳 Deutsch
Morgen geht ihr in den Supermarkt, um neue Schuhe zu kaufen.
Wörtlich: Ihr morgen müssen gehen Supermarkt kaufen neue Schuhe.
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟪 morgen (míngtiān – Zeitnomen)
🟥🟥 müsst/werdet (yào – Modalverb)
🟥🟥 gehen (qù – Verb)
🟦🟦 Supermarkt (chāoshì – Nomen)
🟥🟥 kaufen (mǎi – Verb)
🟦🟦 neue Schuhe (xīn xiézi – Nomen)

📚 Grammar (EN / DE)

  • EN: 买 = “to buy.” Commonly paired with 卖 (mài = to sell).

  • DE: 买 = „kaufen.“ Typisch in Mustern wie 去超市买东西 („in den Supermarkt gehen, um Dinge zu kaufen“).

  • Pattern: Subj + Time + + + Place + + Object = “Subj will go to [place] to buy [object].”

🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)

Symbol

Hanzi

Pinyin

Wortart (DE/EN)

Sub-Wortart (DE/EN)

Nr.

⬛ 👥

你们

nǐmen

Pronoun

Personal Pronoun plural (you)

5.1

🟪 ⏱

明天

míngtiān

Noun

Time Noun (tomorrow)

1.4

🟥🟥 💭

yào

Verb

Modal Verb (will, must)

2.4

🟥🟥 🏃

Verb

Directional Verb (to go)

2.6

🟦🟦 🌏

超市

chāoshì

Noun

Place Noun (supermarket)

1.3

🟥🟥 🏃

mǎi

Verb

Main Verb (to buy)

2.1

🟦🟦 📦

新鞋子

xīn xiézi

Noun

Concrete Noun (new shoes)

1.1