📘 Lernkarte #2684 — 有空儿 / 有空 (yǒu kòngr / yǒu kòng)
IPA:
-
有空 [jòu kʰʊ̂ŋ]
-
有空儿 [jòu kʰʊ̂ŋ ər] (with erhua, mainly northern / Beijing style)
Meaning: to have time; to be free; to have spare time
⭐ Core Meaning
EN:
有空 (yǒu kòng) means to have free time / to be available.
有空儿 (yǒu kòngr) is the colloquial northern variant with 儿化, slightly more casual.
DE:
有空 (yǒu kòng) bedeutet Zeit haben / frei sein.
有空儿 (yǒu kòngr) ist die umgangssprachliche nordchinesische Form.
Semantic class: verb phrase (time / availability)
🔗 Common Collocations
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有空的时候 yǒu kòng de shíhou — when you have time
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有空吗？ yǒu kòng ma? — are you free?
-
有空再说 yǒu kòng zài shuō — talk later when there’s time
-
最近有空 zuìjìn yǒu kòng — free recently
-
没空 / 不有空 méi kòng — not free
🇬🇧 ENGLISH — Full Explanation (with Pinyin)
有空 (yǒu kòng) is one of the most common ways to talk about availability in Mandarin.
Typical usage
asking about availability
你明天有空吗？
Nǐ míngtiān yǒu kòng ma?
Are you free tomorrow?
making plans
有空我们一起喝咖啡。
Yǒu kòng wǒmen yìqǐ hē kāfēi.
Let’s have coffee when we have time.
polite postponement
有空再联系。
Yǒu kòng zài liánxì.
Let’s get in touch when there’s time.
⚠️ Usage notes (EN):
-
very common in spoken Chinese
-
often implies polite flexibility
-
有空儿 sounds more casual / regional
🇩🇪 DEUTSCH — Erklärung (mit Pinyin)
有空 (yǒu kòng) wird benutzt, um auszudrücken, dass man Zeit hat oder verfügbar ist.
Typische Verwendung
nach Zeit fragen
你现在有空吗？
Nǐ xiànzài yǒu kòng ma?
Hast du jetzt Zeit?
Vorschlag
有空一起吃饭。
Yǒu kòng yìqǐ chīfàn.
Wenn wir Zeit haben, essen wir zusammen.
aufschieben (höflich)
有空再聊。
Yǒu kòng zài liáo.
Wir reden später, wenn Zeit ist.
⚠️ Hinweis (DE):
-
sehr alltagssprachlich
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oft höflicher als direkt „jetzt nicht“
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儿-Form typisch für Nordchina
🌟 COMPARISON — 有空 vs related words
| Meaning |
Pinyin |
Hanzi |
Note |
| have time |
yǒu kòng |
有空 |
neutral, common |
| have spare time (erhua) |
yǒu kòngr |
有空儿 |
colloquial, northern |
| busy |
máng |
忙 |
opposite |
| no time |
méi kòng |
没空 |
very common |
01｜Syllable Analysis — yǒu kòng(r)
-
yǒu — IPA [jòu] — Tone 3 — to have
-
kòng — IPA [kʰʊ̂ŋ] — Tone 4 — free / empty
-
r — 儿化 — colloquial suffix
Tone pattern: 3 → 4
→ condition → availability
02｜Mnemonics — 有空
| Category |
EN |
DE |
| Meaning Link |
time available |
Zeit frei |
| Tone Link |
dip → drop |
offen → Entscheidung |
| Visual |
empty calendar slot |
freier Kalender |
| Memory Tip |
“have a gap” |
„Lücke im Plan“ |
03｜Didactic Summary — 有空
| Focus |
EN |
DE |
| Meaning |
have time |
Zeit haben |
| Usage |
availability |
Verfügbarkeit |
| Tone |
3rd + 4th |
3. + 4. Ton |
| Register |
informal–neutral |
umgangssprachlich |
| Frequency |
extremely high |
extrem hoch |
❌ Common Learner Notes
❌ 有空 = 闲 (immer gleich) ❌ (闲 = generally idle)
❌ 有空 nur Frageform ❌
✅ 有空再… ✔️
✅ 你有空吗？ ✔️
✅ Fazit #2684 — 有空 / 有空儿 (yǒu kòng / yǒu kòngr)
EN:
A core everyday expression meaning to have time / be free, essential for making plans politely.
DE:
Ein zentrales Alltagswort für Zeit haben, sehr wichtig für Verabredungen und höfliche Kommunikation.