#️⃣ #1224 – 妈 (mā = mother / Mama, Mutter)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Familie/Alltag)
🔡 Pinyin
Wǒ 妈 很 àihù wǒ, yě zhàogù quán jiā.
⬛ 👤 wǒ (Pronoun – I)
🟦🟦 👤 mā (Concrete/Person Noun – mother)
🟪 💯 hěn (Degree Adverb – very)
🟥🟥 🏃 àihù (Main Verb – to love, to cherish, to protect)
⬛ 👤 wǒ (Pronoun – me)
🟨 ➕ yě (Conjunction – also)
🟥🟥 🏃 zhàogù (Main Verb – to take care of)
🟦🟦 👥 quán jiā (Collective Noun – the whole family)
🈷 Hanzi
我妈很爱护我,也照顾全家。
⬛ 👤 我 (wǒ – „ich“)
🟦🟦 👤 妈 (mā – „Mama, Mutter“)
🟪 💯 很 (hěn – „sehr“)
🟥🟥 爱护 (àihù – „lieben, fürsorglich behandeln“)
⬛ 👤 我 (wǒ – „mich“)
🟨 ➕ 也 (yě – „auch“)
🟥🟥 照顾 (zhàogù – „sich kümmern um“)
🟦🟦 👥 全家 (quán jiā – „die ganze Familie“)
🅴 English
My mother loves me very much and also takes care of the whole family.
Lit.: I mother very love-protect me, also take-care whole family.
⬛ 👤 I (wǒ – Pronoun)
🟦🟦 mother (mā – Noun)
🟪 very (hěn – Adverb)
🟥🟥 love (àihù – Verb)
⬛ 👤 me (wǒ – Pronoun)
🟨 also (yě – Conjunction)
🟥🟥 take care (zhàogù – Verb)
🟦🟦 whole family (quán jiā – Noun)
🅳 Deutsch
Meine Mutter liebt mich sehr und kümmert sich auch um die ganze Familie.
Wörtlich: Ich Mutter sehr lieben-schützen mich, auch kümmern ganze Familie.
⬛ 👤 ich (wǒ – Pronomen)
🟦🟦 Mutter (mā – Nomen)
🟪 sehr (hěn – Adverb)
🟥🟥 lieben/beschützen (àihù – Verb)
⬛ 👤 mich (wǒ – Pronomen)
🟨 auch (yě – Konjunktion)
🟥🟥 kümmern (zhàogù – Verb)
🟦🟦 ganze Familie (quán jiā – Kollektivnomen)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 妈 = “mom, mother.” Colloquial form, often combined: 妈妈 (māma).
-
DE: 妈 = „Mama, Mutter.“ Umgangssprachlich, oft verdoppelt: 妈妈.
-
Pattern: 我妈 + Verb + Object = “My mother [does something].”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👤 |
我 |
wǒ |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun (I, me) |
5.1 |
🟦🟦 👤 |
妈 |
mā |
Noun |
Concrete/Person Noun (mother) |
1.1 |
🟪 💯 |
很 |
hěn |
Adverb |
Degree Adverb (very) |
6.3 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
爱护 |
àihù |
Verb |
Main Verb (to love, to cherish) |
2.1 |
🟨 ➕ |
也 |
yě |
Conjunction |
Coordinating Conjunction (also) |
9.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
照顾 |
zhàogù |
Verb |
Main Verb (to take care of) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 👥 |
全家 |
quán jiā |
Noun |
Collective Noun (whole family) |
1.6 |
#️⃣ #1225 – 马路 (mǎlù = road, street / Straße, Fahrbahn)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Ort/Verkehr, Futur/Plural)
🔡 Pinyin
Nǐmen jiānglái yào zài 马路 shàng jiǎo tōng’ànquán, bùnéng luàn guò mǎlù.
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you, plural)
🟪 ⏱ jiānglái (Time Adverb – in the future)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟦🟦 🌏 zài mǎlù shàng (Place Noun – on the road)
🟥🟥 🏃 jiǎo (Main Verb – to pay attention)
🟦🟦 ❤️ tōng’ànquán (Abstract Noun – traffic safety)
🟥🟥 💭 bùnéng (Modal Verb – must not, cannot)
🟥🟥 🏃 luàn guò (Main Verb – to cross recklessly)
🟦🟦 📦 mǎlù (Concrete Noun – road, street)
🈷 Hanzi
你们将来要在马路上讲交通安全,不能乱过马路。
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟪 ⏱ 将来 (jiānglái – „in Zukunft“)
🟥🟥 要 (yào – „werdet, müsst“)
🟦🟦 🌏 在马路上 (zài mǎlù shàng – „auf der Straße“)
🟥🟥 讲 (jiǎo – „achten auf, sprechen über“)
🟦🟦 ❤️ 交通安全 (jiāotōng ānquán – „Verkehrssicherheit“)
🟥🟥 不能 (bùnéng – „dürft nicht“)
🟥🟥 乱过 (luàn guò – „unachtsam überqueren“)
🟦🟦 📦 马路 (mǎlù – „Straße“)
🅴 English
In the future, you (plural) must pay attention to traffic safety on the road and must not cross recklessly.
Lit.: You-plural future must at road-on speak/pay-attention traffic-safety, cannot messy-cross road.
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟪 future (jiānglái – Time adverb)
🟥🟥 must (yào – Modal verb)
🟦🟦 on the road (zài mǎlù shàng – Place noun)
🟥🟥 pay attention (jiǎo – Verb)
🟦🟦 traffic safety (jiāotōng ānquán – Noun)
🟥🟥 must not (bùnéng – Modal verb)
🟥🟥 cross recklessly (luàn guò – Verb)
🟦🟦 road (mǎlù – Noun)
🅳 Deutsch
Ihr müsst in Zukunft auf der Straße auf die Verkehrssicherheit achten und dürft die Straße nicht unachtsam überqueren.
Wörtlich: Ihr Zukunft müssen auf Straße oben sprechen/achten Verkehrssicherheit, nicht-dürfen chaotisch überqueren Straße.
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟪 in Zukunft (jiānglái – Zeitadverb)
🟥🟥 müsst/werdet (yào – Modalverb)
🟦🟦 auf der Straße (zài mǎlù shàng – Ortsnomen)
🟥🟥 achten (jiǎo – Verb)
🟦🟦 Verkehrssicherheit (jiāotōng ānquán – Abstraktnomen)
🟥🟥 dürft nicht (bùnéng – Modalverb)
🟥🟥 unachtsam überqueren (luàn guò – Verb)
🟦🟦 Straße (mǎlù – Nomen)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 马路 = “road, street,” especially main roads with cars.
-
DE: 马路 = „Straße, Fahrbahn.“ Typisch für verkehrsreiche Straßen.
-
Pattern: 在 + 马路上 + Verb = “on the road do [verb].”
-
Modal verbs 将来 / 要 / 不能 geben Zukunfts- und Pflichtcharakter.
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👥 |
你们 |
nǐmen |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun plural (you) |
5.1 |
🟪 ⏱ |
将来 |
jiānglái |
Noun/Adverb |
Time Adverb (future) |
1.4 |
🟥🟥 💭 |
要 |
yào |
Verb |
Modal Verb (will, must) |
2.4 |
🟦🟦 🌏 |
在马路上 |
zài mǎlù shàng |
Noun phrase |
Place Noun (on the road) |
1.3 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
讲 |
jiǎng |
Verb |
Main Verb (to speak, to pay attention to) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 ❤️ |
交通安全 |
jiāotōng ānquán |
Noun |
Abstract Noun (traffic safety) |
1.5 |
🟥🟥 💭 |
不能 |
bùnéng |
Verb |
Modal Verb (must not, cannot) |
2.4 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
乱过 |
luàn guò |
Verb |
Main Verb (to cross recklessly) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
马路 |
mǎlù |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (road, street) |
1.1 |
#️⃣ #1226 – 马上 (mǎshàng = immediately, at once / sofort, gleich, unmittelbar)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Zeit/Zukunft)
🔡 Pinyin
Wǒmen yào 马上 kāishǐ shàngkè, qǐng nǐmen kuài jìn jiàoshì.
⬛ 👥 wǒmen (Pronoun – we)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟪 ⏱ mǎshàng (Time Adverb – immediately)
🟥🟥 🏃 kāishǐ (Main Verb – to start, begin)
🟦🟦 ❤️ shàngkè (Abstract Noun/Verb phrase – to have class, lesson)
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you plural)
🟥🟥 🏃 kuài (Main Verb/Adverb – quickly)
🟥🟥 🏃 jìn (Directional Verb – to enter)
🟦🟦 🌏 jiàoshì (Place Noun – classroom)
🈷 Hanzi
我们要马上开始上课,请你们快进教室。
⬛ 👥 我们 (wǒmen – „wir“)
🟥🟥 要 (yào – „werden, müssen“)
🟪 ⏱ 马上 (mǎshàng – „sofort, gleich“)
🟥🟥 开始 (kāishǐ – „anfangen, beginnen“)
🟦🟦 ❤️ 上课 (shàngkè – „Unterricht haben“)
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟥🟥 快 (kuài – „schnell, beeilt euch“)
🟥🟥 进 (jìn – „hineingehen“)
🟦🟦 🌏 教室 (jiàoshì – „Klassenzimmer“)
🅴 English
We are going to start class immediately, please enter the classroom quickly.
Lit.: We will immediately start class, ask you-plural quickly enter classroom.
⬛ 👥 we (wǒmen – Pronoun)
🟥🟥 will (yào – Modal verb)
🟪 immediately (mǎshàng – Adverb)
🟥🟥 start (kāishǐ – Verb)
🟦🟦 have class (shàngkè – Noun/Verb phrase)
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟥🟥 quickly (kuài – Verb/Adverb)
🟥🟥 enter (jìn – Verb)
🟦🟦 classroom (jiàoshì – Noun)
🅳 Deutsch
Wir fangen sofort mit dem Unterricht an, bitte kommt schnell ins Klassenzimmer.
Wörtlich: Wir müssen sofort anfangen Unterricht, bitte ihr schnell hineingehen Klassenzimmer.
⬛ 👥 wir (wǒmen – Pronomen)
🟥🟥 werden/müssen (yào – Modalverb)
🟪 sofort (mǎshàng – Adverb)
🟥🟥 anfangen (kāishǐ – Verb)
🟦🟦 Unterricht haben (shàngkè – Verbphrase)
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟥🟥 schnell (kuài – Verb/Adverb)
🟥🟥 hineingehen (jìn – Verb)
🟦🟦 Klassenzimmer (jiàoshì – Nomen)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 马上 = “immediately, right away.” Can refer to both near future and urgency.
-
DE: 马上 = „sofort, gleich.“ Sehr häufig in Alltagssprache.
-
Pattern: Subj + 要 + 马上 + Verb = “Subj will immediately [do sth.].”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👥 |
我们 |
wǒmen |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun (we) |
5.1 |
🟥🟥 💭 |
要 |
yào |
Verb |
Modal Verb (will, must) |
2.4 |
🟪 ⏱ |
马上 |
mǎshàng |
Adverb |
Time Adverb (immediately) |
6.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
开始 |
kāishǐ |
Verb |
Main Verb (to start) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 ❤️ |
上课 |
shàngkè |
Verb/Noun |
Abstract Noun/Verb phrase (to have class) |
1.5 |
⬛ 👥 |
你们 |
nǐmen |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun (you plural) |
5.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
快 |
kuài |
Verb/Adverb |
Main Verb/Adverb (quickly) |
2.1 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
进 |
jìn |
Verb |
Directional Verb (to enter) |
2.6 |
🟦🟦 🌏 |
教室 |
jiàoshì |
Noun |
Place Noun (classroom) |
1.3 |
#️⃣ #1227 – 买 (mǎi = to buy / kaufen)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Alltag/Einkaufen)
🔡 Pinyin
Nǐmen míngtiān yào qù chāoshì 买 xīn xiézi.
⬛ 👥 nǐmen (Pronoun – you plural)
🟪 ⏱ míngtiān (Time Noun – tomorrow)
🟥🟥 💭 yào (Modal Verb – will, must)
🟥🟥 🏃 qù (Directional Verb – to go)
🟦🟦 🌏 chāoshì (Place Noun – supermarket)
🟥🟥 🏃 mǎi (Main Verb – to buy)
🟦🟦 📦 xīn xiézi (Concrete Noun – new shoes)
🈷 Hanzi
你们明天要去超市买新鞋子。
⬛ 👥 你们 (nǐmen – „ihr“)
🟪 ⏱ 明天 (míngtiān – „morgen“)
🟥🟥 要 (yào – „werdet, müsst“)
🟥🟥 去 (qù – „gehen“)
🟦🟦 🌏 超市 (chāoshì – „Supermarkt“)
🟥🟥 买 (mǎi – „kaufen“)
🟦🟦 📦 新鞋子 (xīn xiézi – „neue Schuhe“)
🅴 English
Tomorrow you (plural) will go to the supermarket to buy new shoes.
Lit.: You-plural tomorrow must go supermarket buy new shoes.
⬛ 👥 you (plural) (nǐmen – Pronoun)
🟪 tomorrow (míngtiān – Time noun)
🟥🟥 will (yào – Modal verb)
🟥🟥 go (qù – Verb)
🟦🟦 supermarket (chāoshì – Noun)
🟥🟥 buy (mǎi – Verb)
🟦🟦 new shoes (xīn xiézi – Noun)
🅳 Deutsch
Morgen geht ihr in den Supermarkt, um neue Schuhe zu kaufen.
Wörtlich: Ihr morgen müssen gehen Supermarkt kaufen neue Schuhe.
⬛ 👥 ihr (nǐmen – Pronomen)
🟪 morgen (míngtiān – Zeitnomen)
🟥🟥 müsst/werdet (yào – Modalverb)
🟥🟥 gehen (qù – Verb)
🟦🟦 Supermarkt (chāoshì – Nomen)
🟥🟥 kaufen (mǎi – Verb)
🟦🟦 neue Schuhe (xīn xiézi – Nomen)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 买 = “to buy.” Commonly paired with 卖 (mài = to sell).
-
DE: 买 = „kaufen.“ Typisch in Mustern wie 去超市买东西 („in den Supermarkt gehen, um Dinge zu kaufen“).
-
Pattern: Subj + Time + 要 + 去 + Place + 买 + Object = “Subj will go to [place] to buy [object].”
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛ 👥 |
你们 |
nǐmen |
Pronoun |
Personal Pronoun plural (you) |
5.1 |
🟪 ⏱ |
明天 |
míngtiān |
Noun |
Time Noun (tomorrow) |
1.4 |
🟥🟥 💭 |
要 |
yào |
Verb |
Modal Verb (will, must) |
2.4 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
去 |
qù |
Verb |
Directional Verb (to go) |
2.6 |
🟦🟦 🌏 |
超市 |
chāoshì |
Noun |
Place Noun (supermarket) |
1.3 |
🟥🟥 🏃 |
买 |
mǎi |
Verb |
Main Verb (to buy) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦 📦 |
新鞋子 |
xīn xiézi |
Noun |
Concrete Noun (new shoes) |
1.1 |