#️⃣ #3281 – 海关 (hǎiguān = customs / Zoll)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Institution / Verwaltung)
🔡 Pinyin
Hǎiguān yào jiǎnchá wǒmen de xínglǐ.
🟦🟦🏛 hǎiguān (Noun – Institution, customs)
🟥🟥🏃 yào (Verb – Modal verb, must / need to)
🟥🟥🏃 jiǎnchá (Verb – Main verb, to inspect)
🟦🟦🎒 wǒmen de xínglǐ (Noun – Concrete, our luggage)
🈷 Hanzi
海关要检查我们的行李。
🟦🟦 海关 (Nomen – Institution, Zoll)
🟥🟥 要 (Verb – Modal, müssen)
🟥🟥 检查 (Verb – Vollverb, prüfen, kontrollieren)
🟦🟦 我们的行李 (Nomen – Konkret, unser Gepäck)
🅴 English
Customs must inspect our luggage.
🟦🟦 customs (Noun – Institution)
🟥🟥 must (Verb – Modal verb)
🟥🟥 inspect (Verb – Main verb)
🟦🟦 our luggage (Noun – Concrete)
🅳 Deutsch
Der Zoll muss unser Gepäck kontrollieren.
🟦🟦 Zoll (Nomen – Institution)
🟥🟥 muss (Verb – Modal)
🟥🟥 kontrollieren (Verb – Vollverb)
🟦🟦 unser Gepäck (Nomen – Konkret)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 海关 = “customs,” official institution. 常与“检查, 通关, 手续”连用.
-
DE: 海关 = „Zoll,“ Institution. Typisch in „Zollkontrolle,“ „Zollabfertigung.“ Satzstruktur: Subjekt (Institution) + Modalverb 要 + Hauptverb (检查) + Objekt.
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
🟦🟦🏛 |
海关 |
hǎiguān |
Nomen / Noun |
Institution / Institution (customs) |
1.7 |
🟥🟥🏃 |
要 |
yào |
Verb / Verb |
Modalverb / Modal verb (must, need) |
2.4 |
🟥🟥🏃 |
检查 |
jiǎnchá |
Verb / Verb |
Vollverb / Main verb (to inspect) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦🎒 |
我们的行李 |
wǒmen de xínglǐ |
Nomen / Noun |
Konkret / Concrete noun (our luggage) |
1.3 |
#️⃣ #3282 – 害怕 (hàipà = to fear / sich fürchten)
➡️ Sentence type: #1 Aussagesatz / Declarative sentence (陈述句 chénshùjù, Emotion / Gefühl)
🔡 Pinyin
Wǒ jiějie zài wǎnshàng hěn hàipà biānfú.
⬛👤 wǒ (Pronoun – I/my → here: “my”)
🟦🟦👩 jiějie (Noun – Concrete, sister)
🟦🟦🌙 zài wǎnshàng (Time Noun – at night)
🟨⚖ hěn (Adverb – degree, very)
🟥🟥🏃 hàipà (Verb – Main verb, to fear)
🟦🟦🦇 biānfú (Noun – Concrete, bat)
🈷 Hanzi
我姐姐在晚上很害怕蝙蝠。
⬛👤 我 (Pronomen – mein)
🟦🟦 姐姐 (Nomen – Schwester)
🟦🟦 晚上 (Nomen – Zeit, Nacht)
🟨 很 (Adverb – sehr)
🟥🟥 害怕 (Verb – sich fürchten)
🟦🟦 蝙蝠 (Nomen – Fledermäuse)
🅴 English
My sister is very afraid of bats at night.
⬛👤 my (Pronoun – possessive)
🟦🟦 sister (Noun – Concrete)
🟦🟦 at night (Noun – Time)
🟨 very (Adverb – degree)
🟥🟥 afraid (Verb – Main verb, to fear)
🟦🟦 bats (Noun – Concrete)
🅳 Deutsch
Meine Schwester fürchtet sich nachts sehr vor Fledermäusen.
⬛👤 meine (Pronomen – Possessiv)
🟦🟦 Schwester (Nomen – Konkret)
🟦🟦 nachts (Nomen – Zeit)
🟨 sehr (Adverb – Intensität)
🟥🟥 fürchtet sich (Verb – Vollverb)
🟦🟦 Fledermäuse (Nomen – Konkret)
📚 Grammar (EN / DE)
-
EN: 害怕 = verb “to fear, to be afraid.” Often used with 对 (duì) + noun: 对黑暗很害怕 “afraid of the dark.”
-
DE: 害怕 = „sich fürchten, Angst haben.“ Typisch: 很害怕 + Nomen / 对…很害怕. Satzstruktur: Subjekt + 在 + Zeitangabe + 很 + 害怕 + Objekt.
🔁 Legend (Mastertabelle)
Symbol |
Hanzi |
Pinyin |
Wortart (DE/EN) |
Sub-Wortart (DE/EN) |
Nr. |
⬛👤 |
我 |
wǒ |
Pronomen / Pronoun |
Possessiv (mein/my) |
5.1 |
🟦🟦👩 |
姐姐 |
jiějie |
Nomen / Noun |
Konkret / Concrete (sister) |
1.3 |
🟦🟦🌙 |
晚上 |
wǎnshàng |
Nomen / Noun |
Zeitnomen / Time noun (night) |
1.4 |
🟨⚖ |
很 |
hěn |
Adverb / Adverb |
Gradadverb / Degree adverb (very) |
6.2 |
🟥🟥🏃 |
害怕 |
hàipà |
Verb / Verb |
Vollverb / Main verb (to fear) |
2.1 |
🟦🟦🦇 |
蝙蝠 |
biānfú |
Nomen / Noun |
Konkret / Concrete noun (bat) |
1.3 |